Linux/Unix Commands | Code Factory

Donate : Link

Medium Blog : Link

Applications : Link

.

• . filename [arguments] Execute commands from a file in the current shell

–help

A

addgroup

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/08/20/addgroup-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• addgroup command in Linux is used to add a new group to your current Linux machine. This command allows you to modify the configurations of the group which is to be created.

atrm

awk

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/08/11/awk-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• awk splits each line into fields/columns and help us perform actions on matched patterns and process data.
• awk is a scripting language used for manipulating data and generating reports. The awk command programming language requires no compiling, and allows the user to use variables, numeric functions, string functions, and logical operators.
• COMMAND DESCRIPTION
  awk [options] [awk program] [file]…
  -v VAR-VAL Set variable
  -F SET Use SEP as field separator
  -f FILE Read program from FILE

B

bc

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/08/23/bc-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• bc command is used for command line calculator. It is similar to basic calculator by using which we can do basic mathematical calculations. Linux or Unix operating system provides the bc command and expr command for doing arithmetic calculations.
• usage: bc[options] [file...]

C

cat

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/08/13/cat-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• cat is a standard Unix utility that reads files sequentially, writing them to standard output. The name is derived from its function to concatenate files.
• cat (concatenate) command is very frequently used in Linux. It reads data from the file and gives their content as output. It helps us to create, view, concatenate files. So let us see some frequently used cat commands.

cd

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/08/16/cd-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• cd command in linux known as change directory command. It is used to change current working directory.

chage

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/08/16/chage-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• The chage command is used to modify user password expiry information. It enables you to view user account aging information, change the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change.
• Once you have set password expiry and aging information, this information is used by the system to determine when a user must change his/her password.

chgrp

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/08/19/chgrp-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• chgrp command in Linux is used to change the group ownership of a file or directory.
• All files in Linux belong to an owner and a group. You can set the owner by using “chown” command, and the group by the “chgrp” command.

chmod

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/08/21/chmod-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• chmod = Change mod
• chmod command is used to change the access mode of a file and directory.

chown

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/08/21/chown-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• chown = Change Owner
• chown used to change the owner of file system files, directories.
• The ownership of any file in the system may only be altered by a super-user. A user cannot give away ownership of a file, even when the user owns it. Similarly, only a member of a group can change a file’s group ID to that group.

Usage: chown[OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE...
or:  chown[OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...

cmp

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/08/24/cmp-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• cmp command in Linux/UNIX is used to compare the two files byte by byte and helps you to find out whether the two files are identical or not.
• When cmp is used for comparison between two files, it reports the location of the first mismatch to the screen if difference is found and if no difference is found i.e the files compared are identical.
• cmp displays no message and simply returns the prompt if the the files compared are identical.

Usage: cmp [OPTION]… FILE1 [FILE2 [SKIP1 [SKIP2]]]

comm

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/08/25/comm-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• command in the Unix family of computer operating systems is a utility that is used to compare two files for common and distinct lines.
• comm reads two files as input, regarded as lines of text. comm outputs one file, which contains three columns. The first two columns contain lines unique to the first and second file, respectively. The last column contains lines common to both.

Usage: comm [OPTION]… FILE1 FILE2
Compare sorted files FILE1 and FILE2 line by line.

cp

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/04/cp-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• cp is a command in various Unix and Unix-like operating systems for copying files and directories.
• cp stands for copy. It creates an exact image of a file on a disk with different file name. cp command require at least two filenames in its arguments.

Usage: cp [OPTION]… [-T] SOURCE DEST
or: cp [OPTION]… SOURCE… DIRECTORY
or: cp [OPTION]… -t DIRECTORY SOURCE…
Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.

cpio

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/04/cpio-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/

cut

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/04/cut-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• cut is a command line utility on Unix and Unix-like operating systems which is used to extract sections from each line of input — usually from a file.

Usage: cut OPTION… [FILE]…
Print selected parts of lines from each FILE to standard output.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

D

date

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/06/date-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• date command is used to display the system date and time. date command is also used to set date and time of the system. By default the date command displays the date in the time zone on which unix/linux operating system is configured.You must be the super-user (root) to change the date and time.

Usage: date [OPTION]… [+FORMAT]
or: date [-u|--utc|--universal] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]
Display the current time in the given FORMAT, or set the system date.

delgroup

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/07/delgroup-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• To delete a group in Linux, you can use a tool called delgroup. The delgroup command takes a single parameter: the group name. Note that you can’t delete the primary group of an existing user: you must delete the user first or change its primary group.

deluser

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/09/deluser-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• The deluser command is used by system adminstrators to delete or remove user accounts from Linux systems.
• By default, the deluser command deletes or removes users without deleting or removing their home directories and mail spools.

deluser USER
remove a normal user from the system
example: deluser mike
delgroup GROUP
deluser --group GROUP
remove a group from the system
example: deluser --group students
deluser USER GROUP
remove the user from a group
example: deluser mike students

df

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/10/df-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• df (disk free) is a standard Unix command used to display the amount of available disk space for file systems on which the invoking user has appropriate read access.

Usage: df [OPTION]… [FILE]…
Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides,
or all file systems by default.

du

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/10/du-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• du (disk usage) is a standard Unix program used to estimate file space usage.
• The du command can be used to track the files and directories which are consuming excessive amount of space on hard disk drive.

Usage: du [OPTION]… [FILE]…
or: du [OPTION]… --files0-from=F
Summarize disk usage of the set of FILEs, recursively for directories.

E

echo

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/11/echo-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• echo command in linux is used to display line of text/string that are passed as an argument . This is a built in command that is mostly used in shell scripts and batch files to output status text to the screen or a file.
• echo $0 – To know in which shell we are working

echo: echo [-neE] [arg …]
Write arguments to the standard output.

eval

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/11/eval-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• eval is a built-in Linux command which is used to execute arguments as a shell command. It combines arguments into a single string and uses it as an input to the shell and execute the commands.
• eval command comes in handy when you have a unix or linux command stored in a variable and you want to execute that command stored in the string. The eval command first evaluates the argument and then runs the command stored in the argument.

eval: eval [arg …]
Execute arguments as a shell command.

expand

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/11/expand-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• expand is a program that converts tab characters into groups of space characters, while maintaining correct alignment. It is available in Unix operating systems and many Unix-like operating systems.

Usage: expand [OPTION]… [FILE]…
Convert tabs in each FILE to spaces, writing to standard output.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

expr

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/11/expr-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• expr evaluates integer or string expressions, including pattern matching regular expressions. Each symbol (operator, value, etc.) in the expression must be given as a separate parameter. Most of the challenge posed in writing expressions is preventing the invoking command line shell from acting on characters intended for expr to process.

Usage: expr EXPRESSION
or: expr OPTION
Print the value of EXPRESSION to standard output.

F

find

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/11/find-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• The find command in UNIX is a command line utility for walking a file hierarchy. It can be used to find files and directories and perform subsequent operations on them. It supports searching by file, folder, name, creation date, modification date, owner and permissions.

Usage: find [-H] [-L] [-P] [-Olevel] [-D debugopts] [path…] [expression]
default path is the current directory

fold

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/14/fold-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• fold is a Unix command used for making a file with long lines more readable on a limited width computer terminal by performing a line wrap.
• Most Unix terminals have a default screen width of 80, and therefore reading files with long lines could get annoying. The fold command puts a line feed every X characters if it does not reach a new line before that point. If the -w argument is set, the fold command allows the user to set the maximum length of a line.

Usage: fold [OPTION]… [FILE]…
Wrap input lines in each FILE, writing to standard output.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

G

grep

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/18/grep-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• grep is a command-line utility for searching plain-text data sets for lines that match a regular expression. Its name comes from the ed command g/re/p (globally search for a regular expression and print matching lines), which has the same effect.
• grep was originally developed for the Unix operating system, but later available for all Unix-like systems and some others.

Usage: grep [OPTION]… PATTERNS [FILE]…
Search for PATTERNS in each FILE.
Example: grep -i 'hello world' menu.h main.c
PATTERNS can contain multiple patterns separated by newlines.

groupadd

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/19/groupadd-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• Groups in Linux refer to the user groups. In Linux, there can be many users of a single system, (normal user can take uid from 1000 to 60000, and one root user (uid 0) and 999 system users (uid 1 to 999)). In a scenario where there are many users, there might be some privileges that some users have and some don’t, and it becomes difficult to manage all the permissions at the individual user level. So using groups, we can group together a number of users, and set privileges and permissions for the entire group. groupadd command is used to create a new user group.

Usage: groupadd [options] GROUP

groupdel

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/19/groupdel-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• groupdel command is used to delete a existing group. It will delete all entry that refers to the group, modifies the system account files, and it is handled by superuser or root user.

Usage: groupdel [options] GROUP

groupmod

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/19/groupmod-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• groupmod command in Linux is used to modify or change the existing group on Linux system. It can be handled by superuser or root user. Basically, it modifies a group definition on the system by modifying the right entry in the database of the group.

Usage: groupmod [options] GROUP

groups

• https://yourcodeacademy.wordpress.com/2021/09/19/groups-command-in-linux-unix-with-examples-code-factory/
• In linux, there can be multiple users(those who use/operate the system), and groups are nothing but the collection of users. Groups make it easy to manage users with the same security and access privileges. A user can be part of different groups.

Usage: groups [OPTION]… [USERNAME]…
Print group memberships for each USERNAME or, if no USERNAME is specified, for
the current process (which may differ if the groups database has changed).

H

head

history

I

id

ipaddress

ipconfig

ipcs

L

link

ll

ln

ls

M

man

mkdir

mv

N

nslookup

P

passwd

paste

ps

pwd

• Print work directory

R

rm

rmdir

rpm

S

scp

sed

• sed command in UNIX is stands for stream editor and it can perform lot’s of function on file like, searching, find and replace, insertion or deletion.

select

service

sh

sort

source

• Execute commands from a file in the current shell

ssh

ssh-add

su

• Switch user

sudo

systemctl

T

tac

tar

tail

tee

• tee command reads the standard input and writes it to both the standard output and one or more files.

touch

• Update the access and modification time of each FILE to the current time.

tr

traceroute

tree

U

uniq

unlink

uptime

useradd

• User addition

userdel

• User deletion

usermod

• User modification

userpath

users

uucp

V

vi

• Visual editor
• View file

view

W

wc

which

whoami

X

xargs

Z

zip

zipdetails

zipgrep

zipinfo

zipnote

zipsplit